Archive for the ‘Education’ Topic

Autism: Year 10 in Review

Sunday, January 1st, 2012

2011 was a good year. Connor, now ten and a half years old, is becoming quite the accomplished young gentleman. He attended fifth grade in a general ed classroom without a para or teacher’s assistant. He completed an etiquette class, joined the cross-country team and learned to swim. He began taking responsibility by completing his first job (assembling ornaments for USO fundraiser), writing and presenting to the school district CFO a right-sizing proposal, hosting two groups of state legislators, and assisting in the training of local area doctors on ADOS testing. He was honored as a Hopes and Dreams Child for our local Children’s Hospital, traveled overseas, and sang twice in front of an audience. His interests are varied and extensive — he earned all about US Presidents and their families, 70s/80s/90s rock bands, the history of British monarchs, Greek mythology and Egyptian pharaohs.

Was he perfect? Heck, no. He still needs extra help via tutoring and in-classroom prompts by his teacher. He came in next to last place in his cross-country race. His singing was way off key. He is still a picky eater, and he still seems to find his way back to our bed every night. He still cannot read for more than 10-15 minutes at a time, and he bombs all standardized tests. He has two or three friends at school, but he still prefers the company of adults. Noise and large groups still bother him, and he still cannot ride a bike, his gross motor delays make sports difficult for him, and even though he is left-handed, he still can’t decide which side he prefers for throwing and kicking.

The good news? Connor no longer has those dreadful allergies, ear, strep and sinus infections that plagued him for the first six years of his little life. He is feeling much better and he is getting physically stronger. His expressive language skills, reading comprehension, social skills, executive functioning and the desire to participate in group activities have come a looooooong way.

We did have a few setbacks this year. We experienced bullying for the first time. A student had been stealing Connor’s snack from his backpack for weeks before anyone noticed, especially since Connor still doesn’t tell us what he does at school nor talks about any of his classmates. The school was extremely responsive, and fortunately, we haven’t had any other incidences.

We also found that Connor had developed an adverse reaction to the various ADHD medications we tried, so he is flying sans-med, and that is taking his grades down from As and Bs to Bs and Cs. The intolerance to medication led us to pursue additional diagnostics which showed that Connor has a duplication in one of his gene sequences which is so rare that there is no comparable case in any genomic database, and there is no syndrome associated with it. We now need to have Connor take a nonverbal language test to see what Connor’s capabilities truly are, and an MRI to rule out any other issues.

As parents, Steve and I have also made progress. We are much more accepting of Connor’s differences. We are not the soccer/baseball family, but we do hike, travel and participate in Connor’s interests in politics and music. We are now investigating private school placement for middle school, because the public school district’s middle schools have well-over 1000 students, and Connor does better in a small group environment.

Five things I’ve learned about parenting an autistic child

Saturday, October 8th, 2011

Autism is still a mystery to me, but I’ve learned a few things over the last ten years (and no doubt there will be more of these in the next ten years). Here’s a few of my lessons-learned. What are yours?

1. I don’t trust anyone to say what my son’s abilities are, or will be. Autism is a developmental delay, not a developmental stasis. Studies are finally emerging that show most IQ tests underestimate the intelligence of kids with autism. We’ve had doctors and teachers tell us that Connor wouldn’t be able to do this or perform that, and he’s proven them wrong every time.

2. At least half of the therapies we put our son through didn’t do any good. Part of the reason was that many therapists and special educators weren’t very good, either. Another part of the reason was our son just wasn’t ready to learn what we wanted him to learn…but he got there eventually.

3. I learned to never underestimate my son’s sensory difficulties, nor disguise them as behavioral issues.

4. No one knows what our son needs more than our son. When he finally talked at age 4, I was astounded by his insight. He started attending his own IEP in 4th grade, and has been a valuable and insightful contributor. Through him, we’ve learned more about his learning styles (visual; top-down vs bottom up; no repetition or breaking things down into small tasks help unless he ‘gets’ the big picture) than any assessment.

5. Inclusion and mainstreaming are entirely different concepts. Placing a child in a mainstream classroom doesn’t mean he’ll be included. My son used to complain that he wished everyone was treated ‘the same’ …and with the proper classroom accommodations, I think he’s finally getting his wish.

Keeping It Simple: Dr. Temple Grandin’s Top 5 Parenting Tips for Autism

Saturday, April 9th, 2011

Sometimes I get lost in all of the therapies, advice, opinions and ‘new findings’ related to autism. That’s when I refer back to five simple tips for autism parenting provided by the renowned Dr. Temple Granding  last year during an interview for one of my Examiner.com columns.  I find myself referring back to these rules again and again to regain my focus and areas of priority. Here are the five tips, re-posted for your convenience. I hope they help other parents as they have helped me:

1. Develop the child’s areas of strengths. Focusing only on delays and weaknesses is not the answer. Developing areas of strength, on the other hand, helps build a child’s confidence and the courage to try new things.  When parents believe that their children can accomplish goals, children learn to believe likewise.

2.Teach good manners, particularly turn-taking. Good manners are the basis of strong social skills. But good manners aren’t only a matter of teaching a child how to say their pleases and thank yous. Grandin believes that turn-taking is particularly important as it teaches children to adapt to many different social situations – from conversational flows to sports to the ubiquitous waiting games of life. And teaching turn-taking can be fun. “I learned turn-taking by playing the game of Parcheesi with my mother,’ said Grandin. Interactive games are a prime example of what experts call educational play, a highly effective teaching technique.

3. Expose autistic children to stressors, but recognize the seriousness of sensory triggers, “Don’t ignore sensory overload,” Grandin warns. “It is very real.” She reports that sensory issues do tend to get better over time, especially with repeated exposure to what causes the stress. “Sometimes sensory stress is related to smell, sometimes to touch, sometimes to taste or to temperature,” explains Grandin. Identifying the causes of sensory overload is the first step in ameliorating them, and there are many fine occupational therapists who can help de-sensitize a child to these stressors.

4. Avoid long strings of instruction and employ 1-1 teaching as needed. Keep directions short and to the point. “We simply cannot follow long strings of verbal instructions,” explained Grandin. And, because some concepts are very difficult to learn, individualized help is far more effective than traditional classroom instruction.

5. Monitor and manage progress. Grandin emphasizes the importance of monitoring and measuring progress. If a child isn’t progressing, parents should try a different approach, either by using a different technique, a different setting, a different teacher or by adding more one-to-one tutoring.

Behavioral Plans for Children with Autism

Friday, March 11th, 2011

Do you remember getting presents or special privileges for making good grades in school? If so, do you remember how proud you were when your hard work paid off?  Me, too, which is why I was so excited when Connor’s teachers suggested we implement a behavioral incentive plan at school. And,  since I am no stranger to incentive plans (considering I’ve spent most of my career working on points-based rewards programs for airlines, hotel chains. telecommunications firms and credit card companies), I was delighted that I could contribute to the discussion.

But school behavioral plans are quite different than any other incentive program I’ve ever encountered. Some examples I saw reminded me of what a warden would implement for prison inmates, not what loving parents and nurturing educators would develop for elementary school students. Fortunately, the school staff and I worked together, and we eventually came up with a program that has helped Connor make progress on a key goal of working more independently. Here are a few general rules that I would encourage all parents and educators apply when designing a behavioral plan:

- Remember that a behavioral plan is a rewardsprogram. Negative reinforcers are not helpful, whether they be frowny-faces, ’strikes,’ or lack of privileges.  Progress reports should be private — placing ’scores’ on the student’s desk for all to see is a negative reinforcer.  Rewards and communications should also be age-appropriate – happy faces may signal to a 4th grader that he is still being viewed as a kindergartner. A rewards program is, by definition, a positive reinforcement for performing  a set of desired behaviors. Negative rewards create fear and shame.

-  Ask the individual to participate in measuring his own performance. Another tenet of rewards programs is choice.  Having a teacher looking over the student’s shoulder and judging him takes away his ability to provide feedback to himself, which is a key component of self-correction. After all, we choose to fly one airline over another to receive miles toward a free trip. The same is true for students – the child must be actively engaged in the program to make the conscious choice to behave one way over another.

- Do not ask the student to do what he cannot do. The requirements to earn a reward should be attainable, not impossible. The idea is to motivate incrementally better behavior.  That doesn’t mean bribing the child to do what he already feels comfortable doing. Instead, the goals should be based upon  improvements that may be challenging, but are still withinreach. Asking a student to complete double-digit division problems when he is still learning his multiplication tables is unreasonable. Be aware that a student may need extra training and accommodations to be able to make the necessary changes. Modeling the appropriate behavior (we used the Model Me Kids Model Me Organization and Motivation social skills training DVD),  preferred seating and assistive technology are examples of enablers that can help the child do his or her best.

- Make sure the plan goals and rules are simple, clear, and match those as stated in the IEP. For example, executive functioning objectives, such as turning in homework, completing seatwork, checking work, etc., can be translated into a behavioral plan goal, such as ”complete each task assigned (or ask for help) per each school day period with fewer than two prompts.”

- Rewards should be immediate and allocated based upon the magnitude of change.  It is no fun to do what you are supposed to do only to have to wait two weeks to receive your prize. So, daily rewards, such as receiving a favorite treat or  privilege (e.g., computer time) can help maintain confidence while reaching toward some of the higher goals.  For example, if Connor can go an entire day doing what he is supposed to do without prompts, he receives some small gift -  ice cream, a cookie or  a song download. This keeps him engaged in the plan, similar to the membership benefits adults receives from a frequent shopper program. But the first time he accomplishes something extremely difficult, he receives a  HUGE prize, or at least hugely important to him.  These milestone awards should correspond with the child’s interests;  for example, a new Lego set, an MP3 player, tickets to a baseball game, or the least expensive, but probably most special thing in the world, a special  outing with mom and/or dad. In the adult world, this would be reaching sufficient points to earn a free airline ticket.

Above all, respect the dignity and the effort of the students. They are working very hard to please you. A behavioral plan may be tracked at school, but must supported with rewards and encouragement at home.

Autism and restoring a mom’s trust in public schools

Thursday, November 4th, 2010

I’m afraid to believe that my son’s 4th grade in his new school is going so well. Connor is in a gen ed class 93% of the time; he is making As and Bs (albeit with modified programs for reading and writing);  he even participated in an after-school creative writing class with 12 other students without his para.  His teachers are great, and they understand that despite his language delays, he is a very bright little boy who can handle high expectations if given the chance.  The kids at the school are also wonderful, and Connor has made three new friends. The administrators and the special ed team are outstanding.  I take Connor to school, so I don’t worry about bullying on the bus (if there would be any – this seems to be a very nice bunch of kids, perhaps due in part to the school administrators’ emphasis on character education and  zero tolerance for bullying).

So what am I so $%@! afraid of? 

 The simple answer is that I’m afraid to trust that everything really is going so well. So I find myself over-reacting to the tiniest things – Connor got a D on his math test  yesterday (Is he falling behind?); Connor had a tantrum at the end of the school day (Oh no! That hasn’t happened in ages–do we need to bring in a specialist?  Are the other kids being mean to him? Will the teachers label him as a trouble-maker?).  And then, I find myself emailing the teacher and resource manager every day and googling every single person in the school to check up on their qualifications and to  make sure they don’t  have a criminal record.

Honestly, I’m wound so tight that  I could give a woodpecker a headache. Even I am embarrassed by my behavior.

I can’t say my fears are completely unwarranted. When my child was strapped into a chair in pres-school or when he was left languishing in 100 degree heat during  ’special ed’ summer school or when his his present level of performance was deliberately understated to keep him under the Phase II label (even though he was never in a Phase II classroom)…it put a scar on my very soul…and goodness only knows what harm it did to my son. So, I kinda feel  justified for being  so hyper-vigilant …especially since almost all of our issues occurred with the people who were supposed to be helping him – his special education team!

So, I am forcing myself to let up a little, to see what happens this year, and above all, to learn to trust in the much-maligned, but more-often-heroic public school system.  It takes time  and effort to let go of that suspicion, distrust and unhealthy paranoia. But I’m working on it, and am taking a little bit of time to work on me.   Maybe I’ll even get a new haircut, start exercising,  and reach out to old friends..wouldn’t that be something different!

Goodbye, Mrs. Barnes. We’ll never forget all the good that you’ve done for our son.

Tuesday, June 1st, 2010

I was standing in the jewelry store during the last day of the school year, when the salesperson asked me politely, “May I help you?”  I answered, “I am looking for a special gift for a special teacher, and it can’t be too fancy or she won’t accept it.” And then I burst into tears. 

How could I possibly thank the woman who had been my son’s aide and academic lifeline for the past four years?  How could a necklace or a locket or a cameo pin ever express our gratitude for her sweet and loving attention?  Mrs. Barnes always seemed to know when to help Connor and when to fade back.  She had the respect of both her general education peers and school administrators. 

But most of all, she believed in our son.

She fought with us to have Connor spend 90% of his time in a gen ed class.  She knew that with a little 1-to-1 tutoring he could participate in the same testing as his academic peers. She saw his gifts instead of his delays. She  helped him course-correct when he was off-track, off-kilter or off-and-running in full-blown meltdown mode.  She also encouraged him to give school his best effort,  and she listened to what he had to say instead of telling him what to do.

And now that Connor will be going into fourth grade next year, she realized that it was important to break the bond that they had shared for so long.  It was time.  With tears in her eyes, she said, ” I can’t imagine my life without him.  I love him so much, but it is time for him to move on.” And we agreed. 

 But it will never be the same without her. Thank you, thank you, thank you.

We wish you health, happiness and most of all, the opportunity for her to help yet another special little boy or girl the way she has helped ours.

Autism and the Many Kindnesses of Others

Monday, March 22nd, 2010

We have become alarmingly accustomed to hearing the awful news about the mean and rotten things – bullying, discrimination and other abuses – that happen to autistic children. Yet, we don’t often talk about the many kindnesses – some big and some small – that go unrecognized and occur every single day in our children’s lives.  Here are a few of my favorites:

- The school nurse.  When Connor spilled something on his pants, he was taken to the nurse’s office for a temporary pair.  Of course, the only thing that suited him were a pair of girls’ leggings.  The nurse called me to tell me that she allowed Connor to wear girls’ clothing, not out of punishment, but because those were the ones he preferred. Connor has a lot of tactile sensory issues, so I wasn’t the least surprised that he would prefer soft, knitted pants.  As it turned out, the girls’ leggings were gray in color and looked like sweatpants on our skinny little son, so it wasn’t at all as I had imagined — that my son was walking around his school in pink tights!

- Connor’s para. What an angel.  She’s been with Connor for four years now, and understands him probably better than anyone, Steve and I included.  There are far too many of her kindnesses to mention here, but the one thing that really touched us was how hard she worked with Connor to make sure he could perform with his classmates at his school concert.  There were at least five new songs to learn, and many pauses and transitions within the skit-based program. In St. Louis, paras are not paid for after-school work, but she came to the concert to see how he did and to cheer him on.  Of course Connor stood on the second row, hopped up and down on the riser (very cute, actually) and kept up with all of the other students.

- The lady on the rental car bus.  We  had just disembarked from a long flight, and were sitting on a crowed bus going to the rental car counter.  Connor was having a very hard time, and I was fighting for patience. The woman sitting next to me leaned over to me and said, “I have been listening to people say that autism is a gift, and I would tend to agree with them. Still,  it must be hard as a parent to reconcile those unique gifts with the parenting responsibility of overcoming a child’s social and sensory challenges.”  Instantly, I became re-centered and balanced.  I’m still not sure how she know Connor had autism, but her words were at once comforting and directive.  Perhaps it’s no small wonder that this lady was also a Minister.

There are many stories like these, but I didn’t want to dilute their impact by writing too many at one time, so more to follow…and please feel free to send some of your own.

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L. Mae Wilkinson:

National Examiner for Autism and Education

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